GRE, or Generic Routing Encapsulation, is a protocol used to tunnel other protocols across an IP network that doesn’t natively support them. To allow the UDP encapsulated protocol to traverse middle boxes, primarily Network Address Translators (NATs).Īn example of the first problem being solved is RFC8086, “GRE-in-UDP Encapsulation”.To add entropy to the packet, to help distribute packets over multiple paths through the network.There are two main reasons other protocols are encapsulated in UDP, even though they may originally have been and commonly are encapsulated in native IPv4. So what problem or problems are they attempting to solve? Going by just the number of RFCs and drafts describing UDP encapsulation, a number of people have spent time and effort thinking and writing about UDP encapsulation. Read also Your questions answered about QUIC What problem(s) are they trying to solve? QUIC is a protocol that Google has both developed and deployed in their Chrome browser for use as an alternative to TCP, and is primarily intended to be used to carry HTTP/2 protocol traffic. draft-baset-tsvwg-tcp-over-udp, “TCP-over-UDP”Ī final example is draft-ietf-quic-transport, “QUIC: A UDP-Based Multiplexed and Secure Transport”.draft-denis-udp-transport, “UDP-Encapsulated Transport Protocols”.draft-welzl-irtf-iccrg-tcp-in-udp, “TCP in UDP”.draft-cheshire-tcp-over-udp, “Encapsulation of TCP and other Transport Protocols over UDP”.draft-herbert-transports-over-udp, “Transport layer protocols over UDP”.RFC6951, “UDP Encapsulation of Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Packets for End-Host to End-Host Communication”Ī simple Internet search for the term “internet draft over udp” also discovers a number of current and expired Internet Drafts describing UDP encapsulation of other protocols, including, surprisingly, a number proposing the encapsulation of TCP in UDP.RFC6773, “DCCP-UDP: A Datagram Congestion Control Protocol UDP Encapsulation for NAT Traversal”.RFC4380, “Teredo: Tunnelling IPv6 over UDP through Network Address Translations (NATs)”.RFC3948, “UDP Encapsulation of IPsec ESP Packets”.These protocols are normally intended to be encapsulated directly within an IPv4 (or IPv6) packet: Going by the number of RFCs and Internet Drafts relating to UDP encapsulation, there looks to be a strong desire for a more transparent Internet.Ī number of RFCs have been published that describe methods to encapsulate protocols within UDP.
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